什么是 “Senior”?
“Senior” 是一个形容词,常用于表示年龄较大、职位较高或年级较高的意思。它本身并不像普通形容词那样有 -er / -est 的比较级和最高级形式。
在英语中,“senior” 属于由拉丁语源派生的形容词(如 junior, superior, inferior),其比较结构使用 to 而非 than。
“Senior” 的比较级与最高级
严格来说,“senior” 并没有传统意义上的“最高级”(如 oldest, biggest)。它的比较结构固定为:
- be senior to someone(比某人年长/职位高)
- the most senior member(最资深的成员)——这是通过加 “most” 构成的副词性最高级,用于强调资历
✅ She is senior to me by five years.
✅ He is the most senior engineer in the department.
✅ He is the most senior engineer in the department.
注意:不能说 “more senior than” 或 “seniorest” —— 这些都是错误用法。
常见使用场景
- 职场中:指职位或资历更高的人。
例:The senior manager approved the proposal. - 教育中:指高年级学生(如美国高中 senior = 12年级)。
例:She’s a senior at Harvard. - 年龄上:表示年长(但通常用于正式或机构语境)。
例:Senior citizens are eligible for discounts.
易错点提醒
- ❌ “He is more senior than me.” → ✅ “He is senior to me.”
- ❌ “She is the seniorest staff.” → ✅ “She is the most senior staff member.”
- “Senior” 作名词时,常指“老年人”或“毕业生”,需结合上下文理解。
小测验(点击显示答案)
判断以下句子是否正确:
1. My boss is senior than me.
2. Among all interns, she is the most senior.