在英语学习中,你可能经常看到或听到类似 “When walking to school, I saw a cat.” 这样的句子。这种结构就是我们常说的 “when doing” 结构。它其实是状语从句的一种简化形式,常用于书面语和口语中。
1. 什么是 “when doing”?
“when doing” 是由 when + 动词-ing 形式 构成的短语,用来表示时间状语,相当于一个省略了主语和 be 动词的时间状语从句。
完整句:When I was walking to school, I saw a cat.
简化句:When walking to school, I saw a cat.
2. 使用条件
使用 “when doing” 结构必须满足以下两个条件:
主句和从句的主语相同;
从句中的动词是进行时(be + doing)或被动语态(be + done)。
✅ 正确:When reading the book, she fell asleep.(= When she was reading...)
❌ 错误:When reading the book, the phone rang.(主语不一致:she ≠ the phone)
3. 常见结构对比
When + doing:表示主动、正在进行的动作。
例:When cooking dinner, he listens to music.
When + done:表示被动、已完成的动作。
例:When asked about the plan, she smiled.
4. 实用例句
• When studying abroad, you’ll meet people from all over the world.
• When crossing the street, always look both ways.
• When told the news, he couldn’t believe it.